Saturday, July 9, 2022

勸戒厚酬銀行家 與 翻譯《論語》的詩人龐德

 我的《信報》文章(2022年7月8日A19頁頂)

刊登後的改良加長版

《勸戒厚酬銀行家 與 翻譯《論語》的詩人龐德》

https://www1.hkej.com/dailynews/article/id/3183305

                                                 許劍昭


佔GDP比重

香港特區

中國大陸

以色列

阿聯酋

私營部門貸款

258.9%

182.9%

68.6%

88.4%

家庭債務

72.2%

54.2%

41.9%

22.2%

研發R&D支出

0.99%

2.40%

5.44%

1.45%

上市股票市值

1777.5%

83.2%

64.4%

82.2%

股市平均交易額

885.6%

125.3%

9.1%

1.2%

[Note 1]

6月13日《信報》新聞,多家外資金融機構被中國監管部門「警告 …不要對高層過於大方,這不符合『共同富裕』的時代背景。」(詳見《信報》)

[Note 2]

對銀行家薪酬和獎金(俗稱「花紅」)過高的批評,不是什麼新鮮事。 「次貸」風暴(2007-8)發生後,對銀行家的譴責雷響轟天,唯大多限於關注貪婪之弊。

隨着隨着事件平息、近兩年金融資產價值大幅上揚,銀行家的薪酬水漲船高,老問題重現眼前。

本文借鑑以詩史文體,撰寫美國經濟發展歷程的龐德(Ezra Pound 1885-1972)的洞見,闡釋北京在滬深港有差異地發展銀行金融業的必要。

被譽為現代「意象派詩歌」先驅的龐德,對銀行家的憎惡可說無人出其右。他對華爾街的反感輾轉導致自己被指控叛國罪,於好友們力勸後裝瘋佯癲,避免受審及死刑;且最終再獲好友們(包括兩位「諾貝爾文學獎」得主艾略特(T.S. Eliot) 及海明威(E. Hemingway) 協助而被釋放。

在精神病院的12年裏,龐德繼續其詩歌創作,並完成《中庸》、《大學》、《論語》的翻譯 (被列入上海市「十五」規劃專項課題)。他在《掘石機詩章》中,倡議孔子的治世思想,認為其哲學具有普遍適用性。

[Note 3]

龐德對貨幣和借貸的論述,本文以現時用語演繹其中兩項。

首先,其主張已具當前「量化寬鬆」的雛型。

在嚴重衰退或蕭條期間,地方政府可以印製類似郵票的票據(Stamp Scrip),借給農工業中小企,用於換取材料或工具作生產、換取食物予員工;借用者在農穫、銷售產品或服務後,免息償還票據予政府。但這樣的放貸不適用於消費,更絕不可用作投機炒賣。

1930年代,類似的實驗分別在德國小鎮Schwanenkirchen、奧地利小鎮Wörgl、美國艾奧瓦州小鎮Hawarden取得成功) 。

[Note 4]

龐德認定「貨幣」(money,此中譯較符合其用意)的目的是用作交換媒介,讓貨品及服務的生產、流通變得順暢,從而促進創新、發展、升級(他最喜歡的座右銘之一是《大學》的「茍日新,日日新,又日新。」其英譯是renovate, day by day renew);因此強烈反對當時常見的高利貸。

[Note 5]

第二,放貸完全由那些以賺取利息為收入的商業銀行家掌控是危害文明的。理由有二。

一是銀行家傾向於貸款給富人或大企業,而非窮人或中小企。另一是鑑於可供貸款的資金有限,用作消費或投機炒賣的貸款,必然減少可用於農工業生產的貸款,結果是推高了實業者負擔的利率。

龐德深信,銀行家為了賺取不合理的高息及個人收益,

放貸給休閒者消費,已導致物質享樂主義氾濫成災;

放貸給投機者炒賣,已引發一場又一場的金融危機,

受害的是基層農民、工人。

基於第三任總統傑弗遜的重農思想(Jeffersonian Economics),龐德倡議政府控制,甚至收回,銀行的放貸權,免息優先或只向農工業生產者借款;但當時不得要領(倒是近年美聯儲局實現了他的零利息夢想)。

[Note 5b]

被片面及不當地指稱過去數百年活躍於從事高利貸的猶太人,在以色列立國後,所呈現的經濟現實是,本地銀行不僅沒有高息放貸,反而積極扶持中小企創科、創新,再配合民族傳統的「無畏」精神(希伯來語chutzpah) ,成績斐然。

[Note 6]

另一方面,伊斯蘭教義禁止收取利息收入,乃眾所週知。在20世紀下半葉,伊斯蘭銀行逐漸研究出一些現代方法替代利息,例如與借款人既分享利潤亦分擔虧損、徵收合理定額手續費或交易費等。也正因為如此,貸款多用於守業、擴業,另有少量用於購房,而非消費、投機、炒賣。

[Note 7]

從附表中,可見以色列和阿聯酋的私營部門貸款、家庭債務,佔GDP比重較內地和香港明顯地低,在證券交易所的平均炒賣交易額也遠較我們少,但研發支出卻相當理想。

貧富差距是人世間自然現象,

貧富懸殊是經濟制度稍欠理想,但不是大問題,以其可以激發勤奮、創新。

龐德認定,「為富不仁」才是問題的核心(子曰:「富與貴是人之所欲也,不以其道得之,不處也…」《里仁》五) 。

在過去的40年,這類「為富不仁」者在某些「為富不仁」的銀行家運用金融借貸槓桿援助下,到處興風作浪。例如 1997年索羅斯(G. Soros 1930- )製造亞洲金融風暴,一些在香港的外資銀行也參與其中。

[Note 8]

但究底根由是自 18 世紀以來,歐美一些貪婪的銀行家,操縱借貸對象、利率波幅,賺取暴利,然後厚酬自己的口袋。

現在,多達58 % 的美國人近乎沒有儲蓄,依靠每次所收到的工資支票維持生計,年收入在25萬美元或以上的也有30% 如此(見6月27日CNBC新聞報導)。

[Note 9]

索羅斯夥同支持他的銀行家1992年沽空英鎊後,部分知識分子重讀龐德的著作。1999年出版的《劍橋伴讀指南:龐德》,引起那些認真思考如何重置銀行功能,以達到穩定經濟增長的學者和政策制定者的注意。

[Note 10]

中央政府通過政策性銀行向實業生產者提供信貸,肯定是在正確的軌道上前進。這次以「共同富裕」為根據,限制外資金融機構「不要對高層過於大方」是明智之舉,但這不適用於一國兩制下運行資本主義的香港特區。

中國內地銀行放貸政策與以色列、阿聯酋的相類似,用合理的借貸條款,積極扶持中小企創科、創新、守業、擴業,也引導大企業持續增加投放資源於研究、開發。

同時,中國為進行龐大的國際貿易量,要處理巨額資金流動,不可避免的須與「為富不仁」的大鱷、少數「為富不仁」的銀行家交手;經已高度國際化的香港是讓亞洲人學習、實踐「知己知彼」的合適地方。

要注意的是,不少基層居民為此損失向上社會流動的機會,特區政府應優化扶持中小企、教育、購房等政策(詳見多篇以往拙文),結束跨代貧困的惡性循環。

Notes for reference

[Note 1]

Last look up of data on 2022 July 2

私營部門貸款

World Bank data  Domestic Credit to private sector

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FS.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS

家庭債務

wiki data

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_household_debt

IMF data

https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/HH_LS@GDD/CAN/GBR/USA/DEU/ITA/FRA/JPN

研發支出

World Bank data

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS?locations=IN

上市股票市值

World Bank data

Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP)

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/CM.MKT.LCAP.GD.ZS?end=2020&most_recent_value_desc=true&start=1975

股市交易額

Global Economy.com :   Stock market value traded

https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/value_traded/

[Note 2]

2022 0613

www2.hkej.com/instantnews/china/article/3159545/內地據報警告外資行高層薪酬不能過高

外電引述知情人士稱,多家全球金融機構被中國有關部門召見,討論內容涉及到薪酬問題,要求瑞信、高盛和瑞銀詳細滙報高層的薪酬待遇方式。知情人士表示,中國監管部門今年在上海和北京召開的會議上警告這些銀行,不要對高層過於大方,這不符合共同富裕的時代背景。

[Note 3]

2006 上海市「十五」規劃中青班專項課題

《庞德与中国文化:兼论外国文学在中国文化现代化中的作用》

上海外語教育出版社

247 頁

[Note 4]

Reference for Stamp Scrip:

2019 Aug 27

NPR, “Planet Money”. https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2019/08/27/754323652/the-strange-unduly-neglected-prophet

2008 0401

Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, “Stamp Scrip”.

https://www.clevelandfed.org/newsroom-and-events/publications/economic-commentary/economic-commentary-archives/2008-economic-commentaries/ec-20080401-stamp-scrip-money-people-paid-to-use.aspx

[Note 5a]

Pound: “renovate, day by day renew”

See p.101 in

Alec Marsh (1998), “Money and Modernity: Pound, Williams, and the Spirit of Jefferson”, Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press.

[Note 5b]

See p.11-67 in

Alec Marsh (1998), “Money and Modernity: Pound, Williams, and the Spirit of Jefferson”, Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press.

[Note 6]

Wiki, Chutzpah

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chutzpah


2021 April

THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE OF ISRAELI FINANCE

How Ongoing Reform Is Transforming Israel’s Capital Markets, Business Landscape, and Private Wealth

By Brian J. Friedman, CFA, CBE

President, Co-Founder, and Portfolio Manager of Israel Investment Advisors, LLC,

https://israelinvestmentadvisors.com/

https://israelinvestmentadvisors.com/monograph-april-2021

 

為什麼以色列能成為創新強國

Chutzpah:Why Israel is a hub of innovation and entrepreneurship

作者: (以)英巴爾·阿里埃利 Inbal Arieli

出版社: 北京聯合出版公司

出品方: 磨鐵圖書

譯者: 李雨桐

出版年: 2021-1-8

https://book.douban.com/subject/35283418/

★為什麼馬雲說,他在以色列學到了2樣東西。 “創新,和虎刺怕(希伯來語Chutzpah)——敢於挑戰的勇氣"?因為以色列:人均創業密集度全球第一;人均風險投資額全球第一

★為什麼沃倫·巴菲特說:“如果你要尋找智慧,去以色列就對了。這片土地上流淌著智慧和活力”?因為以色列: 人口僅800多萬獲得了12個諾貝爾獎;3000多家跨國公司在此設立研發中心(蘋果、英特爾、臉書、谷歌……)

★你可能不知道馬化騰的創立QQ的靈感來自於以色列的ICQ。以色列不僅發明了世界上首款線上聊天軟件ICQ,還發明了首個手機導航APP、U盤、滴灌技術、VPN技術……

★究竟是什麼讓以色列——一個面積相當於1.5個北京市、籠罩著戰爭陰影、沒有自然資源的國家——產生瞭如此多的創業公司,甚至比英國、德國、中國等大國都多?

[Note 7]

Wiki, Riba

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riba

Riba (Arabic: ربا ,الربا، الربٰوة ribā or al-ribā, IPA: [ˈrɪbæː]) is an Arabic word that can be roughly translated as "usury", or unjust, exploitative gains made in trade or business under Islamic law. Riba is mentioned and condemned in several different verses in the Qur'an (3:130, 4:161, 30:39 and perhaps most commonly in 2:275-2:280).[1] It is also mentioned in many hadith (reports describing the words, actions, or habits of the Islamic prophet Muhammad).

Alternative to interest

Islamic banking replaced riba/interest with accounts paying[227]

zero return on deposits: "current accounts" offered for safe keeping of depositor funds with no return added to the amount deposited[Note 46] [Note 47] (In practice these deposits often include a Hibah (literally "gift"),[341] in the form of prizes, exemptions, etc.,[342] to compete with interest return of conventional banking current accounts.)

a return varying according to the success of the project(s) the bank financed: for commercial finance the primary mode (in theory) of Islamic finance — called profit and loss sharing — would replace interest with risk sharing between the investor, the banker and the entrepreneur of the project being financed, much like venture capital financing. One form of profit and loss sharing is mudarabah finance, where the bank would act as the capital partner in a back-to-back mudarabah contract with the depositor on one side and the entrepreneur on the other side. As the "loan" was repaid, the financier (rabb-ul-mal) would collects some agreed upon percentage of the profits (or deducts if there are losses) along with the "principal" from the user of capital (mudarib);[23]

fixed return: like interest but differing (in theory) by limiting finance to a specific sale. murabaha (credit sale) was the principal form of this type of "Asset-backed"[244] or "trading-based"[343] mode of financing (also used are Ijara, Istisna, were some others) and they were to supplement the profit and loss sharing models. As Islamic finance grew, it became clear Murabahah was not a supplement to profit and loss sharing,[344][345] but the mode used in about 80% of Islamic lending.[346][Note 48] (Explanation for this include that the structure and results of Murabahah were more familiar to bankers, and that profit and loss sharing turned out to be far more risky and costly than proponents had hoped.

 

Atton Consulting, “Banking System of the UAE”

https://atton-consulting.com/en/banking-system-of-the-uae-useful-facts-and-benefits

Islamic banks are now becoming more and more influential. This type of bank implies that business is to be done in accordance with the religious rules. Here is the list of the main features of Islamic banking:

There is no borrowing rate as nobody’s straits can be used to somebody’s benefit;

Economic activity of the bank cannot be related to the area which is considered immoral or unethical from the point of view of religion (such as gambling, alcohol and tobacco consumption etc.).

[Note 8]

Wiki, 1997 Asian financial crisis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis

[Note 9]

2022 June 27

CNBC, “58% of Americans are living paycheck to paycheck after inflation spike — including 30% of those earning $250,000 or more”.

https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/27/more-than-half-of-americans-live-paycheck-to-paycheck-amid-inflation.html

[Note 10]

Ira B. Nadel (ed.) (1999), “The Cambridge Companion to Ezra Pound”, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-american-studies/article/abs/ira-b-nadel-ed-the-cambridge-companion-to-ezra-pound-cambridge-cambridge-university-press-1999-3750-cloth-1395-paper-pp-318-isbn-0-521-43117-4-0-521-64920-x/A6C6D90BB841399B6EB4FD07D0C7FC2C

see also

Meghnad Desai (2006), “The Route of All Evil: The Political Economy of Ezra Pound”, London: Faber and Faber Ltd.

https://www.amazon.co.uk/Route-All-Evil-Political-Economy/dp/0571217737

 

 









Wednesday, June 8, 2022

全球化的「合久必分」小段落 與「毅工精神」

 我的《信報》文章(2022年6月8日A16頁)

刊登後的改良(加長367字數)版

《全球化的「合久必分」小段落 與「毅工精神」》

https://www1.hkej.com/dailynews/article/id/3155569

                                     許劍昭

「巨無霸指數」這個被廣泛視為全球化標誌之一的參考值,快將失去其環球的完整性。5月16日〈麥當勞〉宣布將永久退出俄羅斯,結束其始自1990年1月31日在莫斯科開展的業務。而完成出售交易後,這些餐廳不可再使用相同的品牌名稱。

[Note 1]

古代四大文明形成後,全球化斷斷續續、進進退退地發展。既有阿拉伯數字及英語全球化、絲綢之路、殖民傳教,亦有「門羅主義」、德川鎖國、韓戰禁運。

[Note 2]

但全球化既不會達到「單極」(即人類只有單一個環球文明)的局面,亦停不下來。也許最現實的形容詞是引用《三國演義》名言:「話說天下大勢,分久必合,合久必分。」

如果說冷戰結束是「分久必合」的轉折點,那麼烏克蘭危機則承載我們,進入一個跌跌撞撞的「合久必分」時期。

5月19日,〈全球化智庫〉(CCG)發表研究報告《烏克蘭危機不會終結全球化》,以數據作論證,反駁一些西方謂全球化已死的分析,指出放緩中的資金及貨物的跨區域流動不會終止,也不可能終止。

[Note 3]

本文嘗試略作補充,闡釋造成分化的三股動力及其影響的局限。

亨廷頓(Samuel P. Huntington)的劃時代《文明衝突論》,初現於1992 年的一次演講,指出三種文明能夠削弱西方的領導,分別是俄羅斯、大中華、伊斯蘭(詳見2011年印刷版第七章) 。

[Note 4]

他強調,美國國家安全在文化上由西方文明遺產定義,在政治上則由「美國信條原則」(principles of the American Creed, 見305頁) 定義;且提出眾多策略作捍衛美國利益之用。

諸種敵對上述三種文明的具體行動,形成三股阻礙全球化的分隔力量。

3月2日,〈國際殘奧委會〉仍向媒體表明,不排除俄羅斯和白俄運動員參加快將開幕的〈北京2022年殘奧會〉;但翌日3月3日,在政治壓力下改變,宣布該兩國的運動員被禁止參賽。

[Note 5]

5月22日,〈達沃斯〉(Davos) 決定不邀請任何俄羅斯人參加今年的〈世界經濟論壇〉。軍事衝突、經濟制裁、歌舞表演及體育比賽等文化抵制,並非突然湧現,而是不斷更新的行動列表上的選項。

[Note 6]

三十年前,亨廷頓早已清楚指出:

烏克蘭是一個「有兩種不同文化的分裂國家」(a  cleft country  with two distinct cultures, 165 頁),

是「斷層線戰爭」(fault line war, 252 頁)的沃土。

其他可供操弄的區域包括「少些中國」(lesser  Chinas):台灣、香港、新加坡(127頁)及穆斯林的蘇丹、科索沃…(137-8頁)。


* * * 加兩段

觸覺敏銳的〈世界猶太人大會〉(World Jewish Congress) ,在 2010 年代初,已經發現烏克蘭民族主義者,利用納粹口號、標語宣揚反俄思想。2013年8月,正式向〈烏克蘭東正教教會〉發出函件要求關切,嚴正指出這些烏克蘭民兵組織,源自參與納粹德國「武裝黨衛軍加利西亞師」(Galician division of the Waffen SS)攻擊蘇聯的烏克蘭人。

這封信引起了美國左翼智庫的注意,2014年3月4日,於《外交政策焦點》(Foreign Policy In Focus)公佈調查結果。揭露美國駐烏克蘭大使館參與利用該納粹組織的官方政黨,推翻當時的親俄總統,唯(根據一段電話錄音)不允許其成員加入新政府內閣。事後證明當時的行動,為今天的烏克蘭斷層線戰爭埋下伏線。

[Note 7]

 

西方此刻跟俄羅斯在多方面正式決裂的同時,對中國大陸及港澳、部分伊斯蘭國家進行的挖溝築牆(查封〈孔子學院〉)、另起爐灶(建〈印太經濟框架〉),眾皆耳熟能詳,不贅。

[Note 8]

但至少有兩個明顯的現象反映,這些分化工程只會減緩,卻不能剎停全球化的步伐。

首先,烏克蘭危機並未阻礙這三個文明之間的往還。除了中俄合作步伐大體上保持正常,沙地阿拉伯也推開政治壓力,支持俄羅斯保留在「石油輸出國組織+」(OPEC+)中的地位。

[Note 9]

5月30日,倫敦YouGov發表一項在14個中東及北非國家街頭訪問7,835人的民調結果,顯示24% 的受訪者將烏克蘭危機歸咎於北約,13% 於美國,16% 於俄羅斯。分析員認為這符合當前阿拉伯人不信任西方的趨勢。

[Note 10]

另一現象是,烏克蘭危機並未阻礙這三個文明與其他第五方國家合作的發展。最明顯的例子是印度無視壓力,持續向俄羅斯購買原油,從去年全年進口96 萬桶,倍增到今年前五個月的 3,400 萬桶。

[Note 11]

此外,5月26日,金磚國家教育部長會議按原有計劃舉行; 而沙地阿拉伯  阿根廷表明有意加入「金磚組織」。更令人高興的是,以色列與伊斯蘭國家的文化交流日趨頻繁,例如5月初,一個美籍巴基斯坦裔穆斯林 14 人代表團破天荒訪問以色列(巴基斯坦與以色列尚未建交) 。

[Note 12]

促使全球化「合久必分」僅僅是短暫的小段落,且受限於個別區域的原因很多(例如歐美的所謂道德號召力急劇下滑)。其中一個基礎性因素是

西方經濟體制日趨「休閒消費」模式,

而其他發展中經濟體仍然維持「毅工產製」模式;

此差異導致前者不可避免地依賴後者,而發展中經濟體彼此之間的互補亦不會被前者打斷。

 

「制度經濟學」鼻祖凡勃倫(Thorstein Veblen) 於1898 年發表一篇創見性文章,通過比較

「體育精神」(sportsmanship) 和

「毅工精神」(workmanship,有直譯作「工作本能」但失其原意),

解釋人類如何進化到現代。

[Note 13]

凡勃倫開宗明義指出,在沒有任何工具的情況下,人類於大自然中乃弱勢動物。但某一天,我們的祖先想到如何使用天然物料來製造各種工具(參考「石器時代」記錄);從此,他們屢敗屢試、精益求精。

通過勤勞毅工、敬業樂業以達到特定目的的習慣,漸漸常規化成為人類經濟制度的一部分。但由於諸類原因,許多人壓抑了這種想辦妥一件事、做好一份工的本能,變得「好逸惡勞」。

凡勃倫鄭重指出,把人變成「惡勞」的諸類原因(工時過長、工資太少屬另一回事)當中,禍患經濟最劣的是

標榜毋須工作賺錢過活為高人一等的優越,

並低貶、鄙視勞動工作為一種「厭煩」(irksomeness) 。

 

這種思想在「激進個人主義」、「自由(任意) 主義」、「唯我自我中心」的推動下,經過百年的廣泛傳播,終於導致近年在西方出現的「大辭職潮」。此外,比利時、英國現正試驗「四天工作週」,法國、德國也計劃效仿。

[Note 14]

香港,內地也初步受影響,即所謂的「hea」、「躺平」;但尚未動搖中華勤勞文化的文明根基。

[Note 15]

在無法全自產、全自動化的情況下,那些沉迷於休閒和消費終端產品的地區,將不可避免地必須保持與毅工產製地區密切的貿易、往來。短暫的「合久必分」小段落興奮過後,很快就會回到「分久必合」。

但凡勃倫也同時警告說,好逸惡勞的群體,會因為自驕自大而變得好戰,企圖用戰事(warfare)維持高人一等的優越。


Notes for reference

[Note 1]

Wiki Big Mac Index

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Mac_Index

 

2022 0517

std.stheadline.com/daily/article/2462925/日報-國際-麥當勞悉售俄850餐廳

(星島日報報道)美國連鎖快餐業巨擘麥當勞三月關閉俄羅斯餐廳後,周一(5月16日)宣布將出售當地業務,即賣出全部八百五十家餐廳,結束三十多年營運。

 

[Note 2]

Wiki Monroe Doctrine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine

zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/门罗主义

Wiki Sakoku (locked country)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakoku

zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/锁国_(日本)

 

[Note 3]

2022 0519

CCG report:

The Ukraine Crisis isn’t the end of Globalization

烏克蘭危機不會終結全球化

http://www.ccg.org.cn/archives/69612

wiki CCG

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_China_and_Globalization

zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/全球化智库

[Note 4]

Wiki  Clash of Civilizations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clash_of_Civilizations

The Clash of Civilizations is a thesis that people's cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post–Cold War world.[1][2][3][4][5] The American political scientist Samuel P. Huntington argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures.[1][6] It was proposed in a 1992 lecture at the American Enterprise Institute, which was then developed in a 1993 Foreign Affairs article titled "The Clash of Civilizations?",[7] in response to his former student Francis Fukuyama's 1992 book, The End of History and the Last Man. Huntington later expanded his thesis in a 1996 book The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order.

 

Book

The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order Paperback – August 2, 2011

by Samuel P. Huntington

https://www.amazon.com/Clash-Civilizations-Remaking-World-Order/dp/1451628978

 

[Note 5]

2022 0302

https://www.cbc.ca/sports/the-buzzer-newsletter-russia-belarus-allowed-to-compete-paralympics-1.6370514

The International Paralympic Committee confirmed today that it will not exclude athletes from Russia and Belarus from the upcoming Games in Beijing, choosing not to follow the lead of other international sports organizations that have enacted such bans in response to the invasion of Ukraine.

2022 0303

https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2022/03/03/russia-belarus-paralympics-ban/

Russian and Belarusian athletes were barred from the Paralympics after the International Paralympic Committee said athletes from many other nations vowed to not compete if they remained in the Games.

The IPC also said ensuring safety at the athletes’ village was becoming untenable after an earlier decision to allow Russians and Belarusians to compete as neutral athletes. The Games open Friday.

 

[Note 6]

2022 0522

https://www.arabnews.com/node/2087341/world

DAVOS, Switzerland: The president of the World Economic Forum has said the Geneva-based organization is sending a strong signal to Moscow by not inviting Russian officials and businesses to this year’s Davos summit while issuing an invitation to the Ukrainian leader to address the gathering.

 

2022 0527

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/may/27/britain-boycott-russian-culture-putin-war-ukraine

Banning sports stars and musicians perfectly fits the Kremlin’s narrative that the war in Ukraine is one of national survival

 

2022 0325

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/25/putin-says-west-trying-to-cancel-russian-culture

President Vladimir Putin has accused the West of trying to cancel Russian culture, including the works of great composers such as Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Dmitri Shostakovich and Sergei Rachmaninoff.

 

[Note 7]

WJC: Ukrainian priests must stop glorifying Nazis

https://www.jta.org/2013/08/23/global/wjc-ukrainian-priest-must-stop-glorifying-nazis

 

wiki World Jewish Congress

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Jewish_Congress

 

2014 0304

Foreign Policy In Focus

“The Dark Side of the Ukraine Revolt”

https://fpif.org/dark-side-ukraine-revolt/

The U.S. press has downplayed the role of Svoboda, and even more far right groups like Right Sector and Common Cause, but Britain’s Channel 4 News reports that such quasi-fascist groups “played a leading role” in organizing the demonstrations and keeping them going.

 

In the intercepted phone call between U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs Victoria Nuland and U.S. Ambassador to the Ukraine, Geoffrey Pyatt, the two were, as Russian expert Stephen Cohen put it to Democracy Now, “plotting a coup d’état against the elected president of the Ukraine.”

 

At one point Nuland endorses “Yat” as the head of a new government, referring to Arseniy Yatsenyuk of the Fatherland Party, who indeed is now acting Prime Minister. But she goes on to say that Svoboda leader Oleh Tyahnybok should be kept “on the outside.”

 

[Note 8]

zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/孔子学院

www2.hkej.com/instantnews/china/article/3146906/王毅%3A美印太經濟框架是用自己標準框住別國

 

[Note 9]

2022 0523

hk.news.yahoo.com/英國金融時報-沙烏地仍然支持俄羅斯在opec-中的作用-171308439.html

2022 0601

https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-saudi-ministers-praised-level-cooperation-opec-says-moscow-2022-06-01/

 

[Note 10]

2022 0530

Our YouGov Ukraine poll exposes deep Arab mistrust of the West

https://www.arabnews.com/node/2092916

Today, we report the results of our latest collaboration with YouGov: An examination of attitudes on the “Arab Street” to the conflict in Ukraine. The findings offer illuminating insights on the catastrophe unfolding on Europe’s eastern flank that will reverberate far beyond the MENA region.

They suggest apathy and disinterest in the Arab world toward this atrocious conflict; 66 percent of respondents said they had no stance on the war, while those who did choose a side were almost evenly divided — 18 percent backed Ukraine and 16 percent Russia.

Most strikingly, perhaps, the findings lay bare the extent of the distrust of the West across all 14 of the countries covered in the survey. Almost a quarter of the 7,835 people surveyed (24 percent) pointed the finger of blame for the conflict squarely at NATO, while more than one in ten (13 percent) said US President Joe Biden was responsible. Only 16 percent blamed Russia.

 

[Note 11]

2022 0530

Russian oil exports to India jump 25x

https://www.rt.com/business/556345-russian-oil-exports-jump-india/

India has received 34 million barrels of discounted Russian oil since February, more than 10 times the value of the total imports from the country year-on-year, Reuters reported on Monday, citing Refinitiv Eikon data.

According to the report, more than 24 million barrels of Russian crude were supplied this month, up from 7.2 million barrels in April, and from about three million barrels in March. The South Asian nation is set to receive about 28 million barrels in June, data shows.

Last year, Russian crude exports to India averaged just 960,000 barrels per month, roughly 25 times less than this month’s total.

 

[Note 12]

2022 0531

The 9th BRICS Education Ministers Meeting was held online

https://infobrics.org/post/35819/

2022 0531

Saudi Arabia and Argentina desired to join the BRICS grouping

https://tvbrics.com/en/news/saudi-arabia-and-argentina-desired-to-join-the-brics-grouping/

2022 0518

https://www.israeltoday.co.il/read/muslim-american-delegation-visits-israel-uae-in-support-of-abraham-accords/

A 14-member delegation of mainly Muslim-Americans of Pakistani background were in Israel from May 8-14 to show support for the 2018 Abraham Accords between Israel and several Muslim states. The 10-day trip to both Israel and the United Arab Emirates generated both positive and negative publicity. Graciously received by top Israeli officials …

Wiki  Israel-Pakistan relations

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations

… lack of formal diplomatic relations, owing to Pakistan's non-recognition of Israel as a sovereign state due to the Arab–Israeli conflict …

 

[Note 13]

History of Economic Thought Articles 1898 vol.4

“The instinct of Workmanship and the Irksomeness of Labor”, by Thorstein Veblen, 1898.

https://econpapers.repec.org/article/hayhetart/veblen1898c.htm

 

[Note 14]

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Resignation

 2022 0323

Harvard Business Review

“The Great Resignation didn’t start with the Pandemic”

https://hbr.org/2022/03/the-great-resignation-didnt-start-with-the-pandemic

2022 0601

https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/06/01/jolts-job-quits-april/

Some 4.4 million Americans quit or changed jobs in April, according to a report released Wednesday by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, using their leverage in a labor economy where job openings continue to outnumber job seekers by close to two-to-one.

2022 0404

“Four-day week: which countries have embraced it and how’s it going so far?”

https://www.euronews.com/next/2022/04/04/the-four-day-week-which-countries-have-embraced-it-and-how-s-it-going-so-far

Last month, Belgian employees won the right to perform a full workweek in four days instead of the usual five without loss of salary.

2022 0503

“What is the four-day working week and how close is the UK to getting it?”

https://www.bigissue.com/news/employment/what-is-the-4-day-working-week-and-why-are-uk-campaigners-calling-for-it/

2022 0530

std.stheadline.com/daily/article/2465779/日報-國際-英60企業試行周休三日-增員工幸福感

 

[Note 15]

https://baike.baidu.com/item/hea/2479681

“Hea”的流行源起香港地區,於二十世紀九十年代末開始流行,有一種說法是源自英文的hang around,意指“遊蕩”,也就是“漫無目的地消耗時間”、“懶散”、“無所事事”的意思。可作形容詞用,如“hea做”(不認真、隨便敷衍地做事),也可作動詞用,如“我哋去邊度hea?”(我們去哪裡打發時間?)、“唔好再喺度hea啦。”(不要再這樣無所事事了。)

 

baike.baidu.com/item/躺平/24123069

躺平,網絡流行詞:癱倒在地,不再雞血沸騰、渴求成功了。躺平看似是妥協、放棄,但其實是“向下突破天花板”,選擇最無所作為的方式反叛裹挾。年輕人選擇躺平,就是選擇走向邊緣,超脫於加班、升職、掙錢、買房的主流路徑之外,用自己的方式消解外在環境對個體的規訓